Pseudodynamic tests on rubber base isolators with numerical substructuring of the superstructure and strain‐rate effect compensation     

F. J. Molina  G. Verzeletti  G. Magonette  Ph. Buchet  V. Renda  M. Geradin  A. Parducci  M. Mezzi  A. Pacchiarotti  L. Federici  S. Mascelloni 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(8):1563-1582

A pseudodynamic testing procedure has been applied by which the seismic response of a base‐isolated building is obtained by using as specimen the isolators, while the superstructure is numerically simulated. The procedure also takes advantage of the continuous pseudodynamic testing capabilities of the ELSA laboratory, which increase the accuracy of the results and reduce the strain‐rate effect of the rubber bearings. A simple proportional correction of the measured forces compensates the remaining strain‐rate effect due to the unrealistic speed of the test. The correction factor is obtained by means of a characterizing test on the specific rubber isolators. The developed method has been successfully applied to the prediction of the seismic response of a base‐isolated four‐storey building submitted to several specified accelerograms. The results for those earthquakes as well as the effects of some changes of the parameters of the system are discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Study on effects of damping in laminated rubber bearings on seismic responses for a ⅛ scale isolated test structure     

Bong Yoo  Yang‐Hann Kim 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(10):1777-1792

The effects of damping in various laminated rubber bearings (LRB) on the seismic response of a ?‐scale isolated test structure are investigated by shaking table tests and seismic response analyses. A series of shaking table tests of the structure were performed for a fixed base design and for a base isolation design. Two different types of LRB were used: natural rubber bearings (NRB) and lead rubber bearings (LLRB). Three different designs for the LLRB were tested; each design had a different diameter of lead plug, and thus, different damping values. Artificial time histories of peak ground acceleration 0.4g were used in both the tests and the analyses. In both shaking table tests and analyses, as expected, the acceleration responses of the seismically isolated test structure were considerably reduced. However, the shear displacement at the isolators was increased. To reduce the shear displacement in the isolators, the diameter of the lead plug in the LLRB had to be enlarged to increase isolator damping by more than 24%. This caused the isolator stiffness to increase, and resulted in amplifying the floor acceleration response spectra of the isolated test structure in the higher frequency ranges with a monotonic reduction of isolator shear displacement. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

末次盛冰期百年尺度气候变化的南京石笋记录   总被引：17，自引：10，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

汪永进  孔兴功  邵晓华  吴江滢 《第四纪研究》2002,22(3):243-251

据年层计数和TIMSU系测年结果,建立了南京汤山葫芦洞YT石笋年际精度时间标尺(18000～14000aB.P.)。除石笋顶部5mm层段外,高分辨率的^δ18O、灰度和年层厚度3种指标在百年尺度上具有相当一致的对应关系,表明这3种指标对气候因素变化响应比较敏感。综合石笋^δ18O和本区古植被资料,估计末次盛冰期和波令暖期年均温分别达7℃和15℃。石笋揭示的末次盛冰期气候可进一步划分为4个阶段:1)18150～16900aB.P.,年均温和洞穴湿度逐步下降;2)16900～16100aB.P.,年均温和洞穴湿度相对稳定,可进一步划分为3个暖峰和两个冷谷;3)16100～15600aB.P.,年均温快速下降,按氧同位素平衡方程计算,其冷谷可能接近于0℃,但洞穴湿度比前期下降幅度并不大;4)15600～14750aB.P.,年均温和洞穴湿度比较稳定。这种气候演化的阶段性和突变性与北大西洋地区气候记录可以对比,反映极地与东亚季风气候受共同的驱动机制支配。从石笋4种指标(^δ18O、^δ13C、灰度和年层厚度)的功率谱图中识别出不同尺度的太阳活动周期成分,其中80aGleissberg周期特别显著,表明末次盛冰期边界条件下太阳活动仍是短尺度气候变化的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

H2O-CH4-H2-CO2-CO-O2在高温、高压和高密度条件下的状态方程     

胡家文 《地球化学》2002,31(4):389-394

为了计算高温，高压和高密度流体的热力学性质，提出了一个具有19个参数的维里型状态方程，其中参数与温度间的函数关系采用由Sutherland位能函数导出的维里系数近似式。除临界点附近以外，在已报道的pVT数据所覆盖的大部分超临界区域内，该方程均可适用。用该方程对H2O，CH4，H2，CO2，CO和O2等流体pVT关系的计算结果令人满意，其中pVT上限分别为：91-610GPa,1.6-11.0cm^3/mol,4000-5000K。计算体积的平均偏 小于0．8％，最大偏差小于5．4％。  相似文献   

三类高强度悬式瓷绝缘子的成分和物相分析     

龚国洪  唐荣炳  尹祚莹  邓华兴  伍正平 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2002,21(3):174-176

为探讨高原牌70kN和进口120，210kN瓷绝缘子的成分和结构性能，中采用原子吸收光谱（AAS）和X射线衍射（XRD）方法，对三类产品进行了检测。结果表明，有效成分除K2O外，70kN和210kN的SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3含量接近，主晶相基本相同，有刚玉，莫来石、石英和长石等；结晶相总量：70kN35%，120kN40%,210kN48%，这表明机械强度愈大，结晶相含量愈高，只需调整70kN原样的部分成分，粒度和工艺，即生产出高等级（如210kN)瓷绝缘子。  相似文献   

高温高压下电解质溶液热力学性质的研究进展     

陈晋阳  郑海飞  曾贻善 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2002,21(3):198-201

高温高压下电解质溶液热力学性质的研究不仅对探讨地球内部流体的作用具有重要意义，而且在很多实际工业过程中也都有广泛应用。本综述了近10年来高温高压下电解质溶液热力学参数的实验测量和理论计算的进展，实验设备还有待进一步的改进和完善，以获得更高温度和压力下的数据，理论计算不仅有待于实验的发展，也与溶液的结构理论密切相关。  相似文献   

河北矾山燕山期侵入岩地球化学特征及成因   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

王强  许继锋  赵振华  王人镜  熊小林 《矿物学报》2002,22(2):160-168

河北矾山地区燕山期侵入岩可分为早、晚两期。早期（中侏罗世-晚侏罗世）侵入岩主要由二长闪长岩、石英二长闪长岩、石英二长岩、正长岩构成，以高钾钙碱性岩系列岩石为主；SiO2=53.58%-60.57%,Al2O3=16.16%-17.23%,Na2O K2O=5.76%-8.96%,K2O=2.25%-4.55%,Na2O/K2O=1.14-1.56;ACNK=0.72-0.86,NKA=0.47-0.77;Eu^*/Eu=0.80-0.95,轻稀土富集，重稀土和Nb、Ta、Hf、Ti亏损，相对低Zr、Rb和Rb/Sr，但高Sr和Sr/Y，具有埃达史质岩石质岩石的部分特征。晚期（白垩纪）侵入岩由碱长石英正长岩、石英正长岩、石英二长岩、碱工花岗岩、钾长花岗岩构成，以钾玄岩系列岩石为主；比早期岩石富SiO2，低Al2O3、富Na2O K2O和K2O，但低Na2O/K2O;ACNK=0.82-1.07,NKA=0.77-0.92;Eu^*/Eu=0.65-1.00，轻稀土富集，重稀土和Nb、Ta、Hf、Ti亏损，相对高Zr、Rb和Rb/Sr，但低Sr和Sr/Y。矾山地区早期侵入岩的形成可能与伊泽奈崎（Izanaqi)板块向欧亚大陆板块的俯冲所导致的挤压增厚有关；晚期侵入岩可能形成于拉张环境中。  相似文献   

Incorporation of Cr<Superscript>3+</Superscript> in dickite: a spectroscopic study     

E. Balan  T. Allard  G. Morin  G. Calas 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2002,29(4):273-279

 We have investigated a well-ordered sample of natural Cr-bearing dickite from Nowa Ruda (Lower Silesia, Poland) using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at X- and Q-band frequencies (9.42 and 33.97 GHz, respectively) and optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The observation of the spin-forbidden transitions at 15500 and 14690 cm⁻¹ allows us to unambiguously identify the major contribution of octahedrally coordinated Cr³⁺ ions in the optical spectrum. The X- and Q-band EPR spectra show two superposed Cr³⁺ signals. The corresponding fine-structure parameters were determined at room temperature and 145 K. These results suggest the substitution of Cr³⁺ for Al³⁺ in equal proportions in the two unequivalent octahedral sites of the dickite structure. In kaolin group minerals, the distortion around Cr³⁺ ions (λ≈ 0.2–0.4) in Al sites is significantly less rhombic than that observed around Fe³⁺ ions (λ≈ 0.6–0.8). Received: 29 June 2001 / Accepted: 22 October 2001  相似文献   

厚层覆盖区综合物化探方法找金试验研究——以广西兴安金石金矿为例     

胡云沪  罗先熔  王桂琴  杜建波  张小路 《矿产与地质》2002,(5)

在兴安金石金矿外围 4号分散流异常区 ,通过地电化学提取金测量法 ,查明测区存在 5个走向规模小于 5 0 m的金异常区 ,W( Au) 最大值为 72 .4× 10 - 9,高出背景值十几倍 ,并藉综合土壤吸附汞测量 ,高精度磁测和激发极化法等多种物化探方法来确定这些异常区的地质、地球化学和地球物理特征 ,提出金矿成矿的有利部位在金的地电提取高异常区、高汞量异常区、高磁性异常区、低视电阻率异常区和中等视极化率异常区的“三高一低一中”的找矿模式。确定测区的北北东角 (右下角 )一带具备有利的金矿成矿条件  相似文献   

X线侧位片与高分辨率CT对鼻骨骨折的对比研究   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

王惠芝  孙璐  闫罡  曾庆玉 《CT理论与应用研究》2002,11(3):33-38

目的　通过86例鼻骨骨折的鼻骨X线侧位片与高分辨率CT(HRCT）对比研究，确定HRCT检查对鼻骨骨折的诊断价值。材料与方祛　86例鼻外伤或/和He、面外伤的患者均进行了鼻骨X线侧位摄影、HRCT扫描检查，经集体讨论，由有经验的放射医师对全部影像资料进行分析并进行统计学处理。结果HRCT显示所有的86例鼻骨骨折，但在此86例骨折中X线平片只显示了35例阳性，包括15例鼻骨汇合部骨折，7例双侧鼻骨骨折，3例复合骨折(鼻骨汇合部及双侧鼻骨骨折)，l0例鼻区骨折。X线平片显示5l例为阴性。结论　对鼻骨骨折的诊断，HRCT明显优于鼻骨X线侧位片，HRCT扫描检查可提高X线隐性鼻骨骨折的诊断，并可明确鼻骨骨折的类型、范围和程度，为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠的依据。  相似文献